The potential source of CS is the megakaryocyte and some subsets of monocyte indicated by sequencing data of single-cell transcriptome ( Ren et al., 2021). This paper focuses on the mechanism of CS induced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its clinical manifestations, and reviews the recently reported immunotherapies for cytokine storm, with the expectation of providing a reference for the treatment of COVID-19. If the immune cascade cannot be properly controlled, the immune response may have adverse effects on the host, and remodeling the balance between inflammation and anti-inflammation may be a more effective method for the treatment of infection ( Puelles et al., 2020). Once the infection develops to the advanced stage, patients often have severe disease symptoms. Of course, this immune response can reduce self-harm to a certain extent ( Cavalli and Dagna et al., 2020). Many acute infections have a strong and potentially destructive effect on the immune response. Virus infection can cause cytokine storm, and then lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and even multiple organ failure until death ( Zhu et al., 2020). Since the end of 2019, novel coronavirus has been gradually spread worldwide, which not only poses a severe challenge to the global public health system but also brings huge economic losses to the society. We aim to give some conceptual thought to the prevention and immunotherapy of neocoronavirus pneumonia. This article reviews the pathogenesis of neocoronavirus pneumonia and discusses the immunomodulatory therapies currently applied to COVID-19. Immunotherapy through the application of hormones and monoclonal antibodies can alleviate the immune imbalance, but the clinical effectiveness and side effects remain controversial. How to neutralize the cytokine storm and inhibit excessive immune cell activation becomes the key to treating neocoronavirus pneumonia. Antiviral drugs and respiratory support are often used clinically as needed, but are not yet sufficient to alleviate the cytokine storm (CS) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Due to the lack of effective treatments, different strategies and treatment methods are still being researched, with the use of vaccines to make the body immune becoming the most effective means of prevention. The pathogenesis caused by the novel coronavirus was found to be a disruption of the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory response. 3Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, ChinaĬOVID-19 pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has ravaged the world, resulting in an alarming number of infections and deaths, and the number continues to increase.2College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.1Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.Only time will tell.Yaqun Li 1,2, Wenjie Zhao 1, Jinhua Liu 1,2, Zichao Chen 1,3*, Qingtao Lv 2* and Zhen Zhang 1* Being its first mobile smartphone release, there's quite a lot riding on it being a successful title. Front Mission 2089: Borderline seems to be going back to its roots, with tactical RPG gameplay at the forefront once again. The Front Missions series has not released a new game since 2019's spin-off Left Alive, which itself was quite a departure from the typical gameplay fans expected. Hopefully, more news and announcements get released sooner rather than later. If you're interested, preregistration is available now via its official website, but no official date yet. Unfortunately, not much else is known about the story or the type of gameplay it will have. You will be taking on the role of a pilot of a humanoid weapon, and witness first-hand the destruction and massacre that the Second Huffman War will bring to everyone.īased on its trailer and early previews, the new game will feature a female protagonist this time around. This action game tells the story of a dystopian future wherein conflicts constantly happen all across the globe and is facilitated by a federation of select countries looking to profit from the chaos. Front Mission 2089: Borderline will carry on the tried and true formula, but will venture into uncharted territory, the mobile space, this time around. It is known for its deeply tactical RPG gameplay mechanics and its futuristic setting accompanied by compelling and overarching narratives and storylines. The Front Mission series is one of Square Enix's long-standing game franchises ever, making its debut back in 1995.
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